1. Horizontal individualist (HI) people want to be unique and self-reliant, but they are not especially interested in becoming distinguished or having high status.
2. Vertical individualist (VI) people try to compete with others for distinction and status.
3. Horizontal collectivist (HC) people perceive themselves as an aspect of in-group and emphasize common goals with others, and
4. Vertical collectivist (VC) people sacrifice their personal goals for the sake of in-group goals, but the members of the in-group are different from each other, some having more status than others.
